The European cross-laminated timber market reached a volume of 821,270 Cubic Meters in 2019. Cross-laminated timber, or CLT, is an engineered wood product, which is made by stacking layers of wood panels in perpendicular directions and fastening them together. This crosswise arrangement helps in increasing the structural strength, load-bearing capacity, dimensional stability and rigidity of the wood panels while reducing their shrinkage and swelling. CLT was first developed in Europe during the early 1990s and has now come to represent an important construction material in the region. It is also used for a number of residential and commercial applications, either in combination with other building materials and wood products or as a standalone system.
CLT represents an inexpensive, flexible and time-saving substitute to conventional construction materials such as concrete, steel and masonry. This is a result of the prefabrication of CLT according to the desired dimensions and shapes that reduces on-site waste, as well as saves installation time. Moreover, it represents an environment-friendly and sustainable building material as it is made of wood. CLT panels also help in reducing the amount of carbon dioxide present in the environment by trapping more than 1500 kg of CO2 per ton. The manufacturing and transportation of CLT also produce lesser pollution as compared to conventional building materials. One of the significant factors that have facilitated the demand for CLT in the European region is the green building movement, which requires constructors to use sustainable and eco-friendly construction materials. Amendments in the International Building Code 2015, allowing the use of CLT for the large building, has also helped in expanding the market. Enhanced marketing and increasing awareness about the advantages of CLT, along with improved distribution channels, represent some of the other growth-inducing factors. Looking forward, IMARC Group further expects the European cross-laminated timber market to grow moderately during the next five years.
Breakup by Application:
- Residential
- Educational Institutes
- Government/Public Buildings
- Commercial Spaces
At present, the residential sector represents the largest segment, holding the majority of the total market share.
Breakup by Product Type:
Custom CLT currently represents the most popular type, accounting for the dominant share.
Breakup by Element Type:
- Wall Panels
- Flooring Panels
- Roofing Slabs
- Others
Amongst these, wall panels account for nearly half of the total market share.
Breakup by Raw Material Type:
Presently, spruce is mostly used in the production of CLT panels.
Breakup by Bonding Method:
- Adhesive Bonded
- Mechanically Fastened
Adhesive bonding is the dominant segment, holding the majority of the total market share.
Breakup by Panel Layers:
Among these, 3-ply CLT panels hold the leading position in the market.
Breakup by Adhesive Type:
- PUR (Polyurethane)
- PRF (Phenol Resorcinol Formaldehyde)
- MUF (Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde)
- Others
PUR (polyurethane resin) is the most popular adhesive used for fastening CLT panels.
Breakup by Press Type:
- Hydraulic Press
- Vacuum Press
- Pneumatic Press
- Others
At present, CLT panels are primarily manufactured using a hydraulic press.
Breakup by Storey Class
- Low-Rise Buildings (1-4 Storeys)
- Mid-Rise Buildings (5-10 Storeys)
- High-Rise Buildings (More than 10 Storeys)
Based on the storey class, low-rise buildings (1-4 storeys) represent the leading segment.
Breakup by Application Type
- Structural Applications
- Non-Structural Applications
Structural applications represent the largest segment.
Regional Insights:
- Austria
- Germany
- Italy
- Switzerland
- Czech Republic
- Spain
- Norway
- Sweden
- United Kingdom
- Others
Region-wise, Austria exhibits a clear dominance in the market.
Competitive Landscape:
The competitive landscape of the market is characterized by the presence of numerous small and large manufacturers who compete in terms of prices and quality. Some of the leading players operating in the market are:
- Stora Enso Oyj
- KLH Massivholz GmbH
- Binderholz GmbH
- Mayr Melnhof Karton AG
- Hasslacher Holding GmbH
Key Questions Answered in This Report:
- How has the European cross-laminated timber market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?
- What are the key regional markets?
- What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the European cross-laminated timber market?
- Which are the popular product types in the market?
- What are the key application segments in the market?
- What are the major element types in the market?
- What are the popular raw material types used in the market?
- What are the major bonding methods in the market?
- What are the significant panel layers used in the market?
- What are the key adhesive types in the market?
- Which are the popular press types in the market?
- What are the various storey class in the market?
- What are the major application types in the market?
- What are the price trends of European CLT?
- What are the various stages in the value chain of the market?
- What are the key driving factors and challenges in the industry?
- What is the structure of the industry and who are the key players?
- What is the degree of competition in the industry?
- What are the profit margins in the industry?
- What are the key requirements for setting up a manufacturing plant?
- How is CLT manufactured?
- What are the various unit operations involved in a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What is the total size of land required for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the machinery requirements for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the construction requirements for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the raw material requirements for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the packaging requirements for CLT?
- What are the transportation requirements for CLT?
- What are the utility requirements for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the manpower requirements for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What are the capital costs for setting up a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What will be the income and expenditures for a CLT manufacturing plant?
- What is the time required to break-even?
1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
2.1 Objectives of the Study
2.2 Stakeholders
2.3 Data Sources
2.3.1 Primary Sources
2.3.2 Secondary Sources
2.4 Market Estimation
2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Introduction
4.1 Overview
4.2 Key Industry Trends
5 European Cross Laminated Timber Industry
5.1 Market Overview
5.2 Market Performance
5.2.1 Volume Trends
5.2.2 Value Trends
5.3 Impact of COVID-19
5.4 Price Trends
5.4.1 Key Price Indicators
5.4.2 Price Structure
5.4.3 Price Trends
5.5 Market Breakup by Country
5.6 Market Breakup by Application Sector
5.7 Market Breakup by Product Type
5.8 Market Breakup by Element Type
5.9 Market Breakup by Raw Material Type
5.10 Market Breakup by Bonding Method
5.11 Market Breakup by Panel Layers
5.12 Market Breakup by Press Type
5.13 Market Breakup by Adhesive Type
5.14 Market Breakup by Storey Class
5.15 Market Breakup by Application Type
5.16 Market Forecast
5.17 SWOT Analysis
5.17.1 Overview
5.17.2 Strengths
5.17.3 Weaknesses
5.17.4 Opportunities
5.17.5 Threats
5.18 Value Chain Analysis
5.19 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
5.19.1 Overview
5.19.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
5.19.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
5.19.4 Degree of Rivalry
5.19.5 Threat of New Entrants
5.19.6 Threat of Substitutes
5.20 Key Market Drivers and Success Factors
6 Performance of Major Countries
6.1 Austria
6.1.1 Market Trends
6.1.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.1.3 Market Forecast
6.2 Germany
6.2.1 Market Trends
6.2.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.2.3 Market Forecast
6.3 Italy
6.3.1 Market Trends
6.3.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.3.3 Market Forecast
6.4 Switzerland
6.4.1 Market Trends
6.4.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.4.3 Market Forecast
6.5 Czech Republic
6.5.1 Market Trends
6.5.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.5.3 Market Forecast
6.6 Spain
6.6.1 Market Trends
6.6.2 Capacities of Key Players
6.6.3 Market Forecast
6.7 Norway
6.8 Sweden
6.9 United Kingdom
6.10 Others
7 Market by Application
7.1 Residential
7.2 Educational Institutes
7.3 Government/Public Buildings
7.4 Commercial Spaces
8 Market by Product Type
8.1 Custom CLT
8.2 Blank CLT
9 Market by Element Type
9.1 Wall Panels
9.2 Flooring Panels
9.3 Roofing Slabs
9.4 Others
10 Market by Raw Material Type
10.1 Spruce
10.2 Pine
10.3 Fir
10.4 Others
11 Market by Bonding Method
11.1 Adhesive Bonded
11.2 Mechanically Fastened
12 Market by Panel Layers
12.1 3-Ply
12.2 5-Ply
12.3 7-Ply
12.4 Others
13 Market by Adhesive Type
13.1 PUR (Polyurethane)
13.2 PRF (Phenol Resorcinol Formaldehyde)
13.3 MUF (Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde)
13.4 Others
14 Market by Press Type
14.1 Hydraulic Press
14.2 Vacuum Press
14.3 Pneumatic Press
14.4 Others
15 Market by Storey Class
15.1 Low-Rise Buildings (1-4 Storeys)
15.2 Mid-Rise Buildings (5-10 Storeys)
15.3 High-Rise Buildings (More than 10 Storeys)
16 Market by Application Type
16.1 Structural Applications
16.2 Non-Structural Applications
17 Competitive Landscape
17.1 Market Structure
17.2 Production Capacities of Key Players
18 Cross Laminated Timber Manufacturing Process
18.1 Product Overview
18.2 Detailed Process Flow
18.3 Various Types of Unit Operations Involved
18.4 Mass Balance and Raw Material Requirements
19 Project Details, Requirements and Costs Involved
19.1 Land Requirements and Expenditures
19.2 Construction Requirements and Expenditures
19.3 Plant Layout
19.4 Plant Machinery
19.5 Machinery Pictures
19.6 Raw Material Requirements and Expenditures
19.7 Raw Material and Final Product Pictures
19.8 Packaging Requirements and Expenditures
19.9 Transportation Requirements and Expenditures
19.10 Utility Requirements and Expenditures
19.11 Manpower Requirements and Expenditures
19.12 Other Capital Investments
20 Loans and Financial Assistance
21 Project Economics
21.1 Capital Cost of the Project
21.2 Techno-Economic Parameters
21.3 Product Pricing and Margins Across Various Levels of the Supply Chain
21.4 Income Projections
21.5 Expenditure Projections
21.6 Taxation and Depreciation
21.7 Financial Analysis
21.8 Profit Analysis
22 Key Player Profiles
22.1 Stora Enso
22.2 KLH Massivholz
22.3 Binderholz
22.4 Mayr Melnhof
22.5 Hasslacher
List of Figures
Figure 1: Europe: CLT Market: Key Drivers and Challenges
Figure 2: Europe: CLT Market: Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014-2019
Figure 3: Europe: CLT Market: Value Trends (in US$ Million), 2014-2019
Figure 4: Europe: CLT Manufacturing: Price Structure Analysis (in US$/Ton)
Figure 5: Europe: Average CLT Prices (in US$/Cubic Metre), 2014-2025
Figure 6: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2019
Figure 7: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Application Sector (in %), 2019
Figure 8: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Product Type (in %), 2019
Figure 9: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Element type (in %), 2019
Figure 10: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Raw Material Type (in %), 2019
Figure 11: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Bonding Method (in %), 2019
Figure 12: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Panel Layers (in %), 2019
Figure 13: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Press Type (in %), 2019
Figure 14: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Adhesive Type (in %), 2019
Figure 15: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Storey Class (in %), 2019
Figure 16: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Application Type (in %), 2019
Figure 17: Europe: CLT Market Forecast: Volumes Trends (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 18: Europe: CLT Market Forecast: Value Trend (in US$ Million), 2020-2025
Figure 19: European CLT Industry: SWOT Analysis
Figure 20: Environmental Impact Comparison: CLT over Concrete
Figure 21: CLT Industry: Value Chain Analysis
Figure 22: Europe: CLT Industry: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
Figure 23: Austria: CLT Production Volume (in Cubic Metres), 2014-2019
Figure 24: Austria: CLT Production Volume Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 25: Germany: CLT Production Volume (in Cubic Metres), 2014-2019
Figure 26: Germany: CLT Production Volume Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 27: Italy: CLT Production Volumes (in Cubic Metres), 2014-2019
Figure 28: Italy: CLT Production Volumes Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 29: Switzerland: CLT Production Volumes (in Cubic Metres), 2014 and 2019
Figure 30: Switzerland: CLT Production Volumes Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 31: Czech Republic: CLT Production Volumes (in Cubic Metres), 2014 and 2019
Figure 32: Czech Republic: CLT Production Volumes Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 33: Spain: CLT Production Volumes (in Cubic Metres), 2014 and 2019
Figure 34: Spain: CLT Production Volumes Forecast (in Cubic Meters), 2020-2025
Figure 35: Europe: CLT Applications in Residential Sector: Volume Forecast
Figure 36: Europe: CLT Applications in Educational Institutes: Volume Forecast (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 37: Europe: CLT Applications in Government/Public Buildings: Volume Forecast (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 38: Europe: CLT Applications in Commercial Spaces: Volume Forecast (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 39: Europe: Custom CLT Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 40: Europe: Blank CLT Market: Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 41: Europe: CLT Market (Wall Panels): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 42: Europe: CLT Market (Flooring Panels): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 43: Europe: CLT Market (Roofing Slabs): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 44: Europe: CLT Market (Other Elements): Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 45: Europe: CLT Market (Spruce Based): Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 46: Europe: CLT Market (Pine Based): Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 47: Europe: CLT Market (Fir Based): Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 48: Europe: CLT Market (Other Specie Based): Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 49: Europe: CLT (Adhesive Bonded) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 50: Europe: CLT (Mechanically Fastened) Market: Volume Trends (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 51: Europe: CLT (3-Ply) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 52: Europe: CLT (5-Ply) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 53: Europe: CLT (7-Ply) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 54: Europe: CLT (Panels More than 7 Layers) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 55: Europe: CLT Market (PUR Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 56: Europe: CLT Market (PRF Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 57: Europe: CLT Market (MUF Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 58: Europe: CLT (Others Adhesive Based CLT) Market: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 59: Europe: CLT Market (Hydraulic Press Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 60: Europe: CLT Market (Vacuum Press Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 61: Europe: CLT Market (Pneumatic Press Based): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 62: Europe: CLT Market (Others): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 63: Europe: CLT Market in Low-Rise Buildings: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 64: Europe: CLT Market in Mid-Rise Buildings: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 65: Europe: CLT Market in High-Rise Buildings: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 66: Europe: CLT Market (Structural Applications): Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 67: Europe: CLT Market in Non-Structural Applications: Volume Trend (in Cubic Metres), 2014, 2019 and 2025
Figure 68: CLT Manufacturing Process: Conversion Rate of Products
Figure 69: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Proposed Plant Layout
Figure 70: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Breakup of Capital Costs (in %)
Figure 71: CLT Industry: Margins Across Various Stages of the Supply Chain
Figure 72: CLT Production: Manufacturing Cost Breakup (in %)
List of Tables
Table 1: European: CLT Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2019 and 2025
Table 2: Austria: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 3: Germany: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 4: Italy: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 5: Switzerland: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 6: Czech Republic: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 7: Spain: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 8: Norway: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 9: Sweden: Top CLT Manufacturers
Table 10: Europe: CLT Market: Production Breakup by Application (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 11: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Product Type (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 12: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Element Type (in Cubic Metres),
Table 13: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Raw Material Type (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 14: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Bonding Method (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 15: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Panel Layers (in Cubic Metres),
Table 16: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Adhesive Type (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 17: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Press Type (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 18: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Storey Class (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 19: Europe: CLT Market: Breakup by Application Type (in Cubic Metres), 2020-2025
Table 20: Europe: Key CLT Producers with Annual Production Capacities, 2018
Table 21: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Detailed Process Flow
Table 22: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Raw Material Requirements (in CBM/Day)
Table 23: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Costs Related to Land and Site Development (in US$)
Table 24: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Costs Related to Civil Works (in US$)
Table 25: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Machinery Costs (in US$)
Table 26: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Raw Material Requirements and Expenditures (in CBM/Day)
Table 27: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Costs Related to Salaries and Wages (in US$)
Table 28: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Costs Related to Other Capital Investments (in US$)
Table 29: Details of Financial Assistance Offered by Financial Institutions
Table 30: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Capital Costs (in US$)
Table 31: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Techno-Economic Parameters
Table 32: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Income Projections (in US$)
Table 33: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Expenditure Projections (in US$)
Table 34: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Taxation (in US$)
Table 35: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Depreciation (in US$)
Table 36: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Cash Flow Analysis Without Considering the Income Tax Liability
Table 37: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Cash Flow Analysis on Considering the Income Tax Liability
Table 38: CLT Manufacturing Plant: Profit and Loss Account (in USD)
Table 39: Stora Enso: Key Financials (in Million US$), 2012-2017
Table 40: KLH: Key Financials (in Million US$), 2013-2015
Table 41: Binderholz: Key Financials (in Million US$), 2013-2015
Table 42: Mayr Melnhof: Key Financials (in Million US$), 2012-2017